SFTP-SERVER(8) System Manager's Manual SFTP-SERVER(8)

sftp-server — OpenSSH SFTP server subsystem

sftp-server [-ehR] [-d start_directory] [-f log_facility] [-l log_level] [-P denied_requests] [-p allowed_requests] [-u umask]

sftp-server -Q protocol_feature

sftp-server is a program that speaks the server side of SFTP protocol to stdout and expects client requests from stdin. sftp-server is not intended to be called directly, but from sshd(8) using the Subsystem option.

Command-line flags to sftp-server should be specified in the Subsystem declaration. See sshd_config(5) for more information.

Valid options are:

start_directory
Specifies an alternate starting directory for users. The pathname may contain the following tokens that are expanded at runtime: %% is replaced by a literal '%', %d is replaced by the home directory of the user being authenticated, and %u is replaced by the username of that user. The default is to use the user's home directory. This option is useful in conjunction with the sshd_config(5) ChrootDirectory option.
Causes sftp-server to print logging information to stderr instead of syslog for debugging.
log_facility
Specifies the facility code that is used when logging messages from sftp-server. The possible values are: DAEMON, USER, AUTH, LOCAL0, LOCAL1, LOCAL2, LOCAL3, LOCAL4, LOCAL5, LOCAL6, LOCAL7. The default is AUTH.
Displays sftp-server usage information.
log_level
Specifies which messages will be logged by sftp-server. The possible values are: QUIET, FATAL, ERROR, INFO, VERBOSE, DEBUG, DEBUG1, DEBUG2, and DEBUG3. INFO and VERBOSE log transactions that sftp-server performs on behalf of the client. DEBUG and DEBUG1 are equivalent. DEBUG2 and DEBUG3 each specify higher levels of debugging output. The default is ERROR.
denied_requests
Specifies a comma-separated list of SFTP protocol requests that are banned by the server. sftp-server will reply to any denied request with a failure. The -Q flag can be used to determine the supported request types. If both denied and allowed lists are specified, then the denied list is applied before the allowed list.
allowed_requests
Specifies a comma-separated list of SFTP protocol requests that are permitted by the server. All request types that are not on the allowed list will be logged and replied to with a failure message.

Care must be taken when using this feature to ensure that requests made implicitly by SFTP clients are permitted.

protocol_feature
Queries protocol features supported by sftp-server. At present the only feature that may be queried is “requests”, which may be used to deny or allow specific requests (flags -P and -p respectively).
Places this instance of sftp-server into a read-only mode. Attempts to open files for writing, as well as other operations that change the state of the filesystem, will be denied.
umask
Sets an explicit umask(2) to be applied to newly-created files and directories, instead of the user's default mask.

On some systems, sftp-server must be able to access /dev/log for logging to work, and use of sftp-server in a chroot configuration therefore requires that syslogd(8) establish a logging socket inside the chroot directory.

sftp(1), ssh(1), sshd_config(5), sshd(8)

T. Ylonen and S. Lehtinen, SSH File Transfer Protocol, draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-02.txt, October 2001, work in progress material.

sftp-server first appeared in OpenBSD 2.8.

Markus Friedl <markus@openbsd.org>

July 27, 2021 macOS 15.0