scrollbar(n) Tk Built-In Commands scrollbar(n) 







scrollbar - Create and manipulate scrollbar widgets








scrollbar pathName ?options?








-activebackground	-highlightcolor	-repeatdelay
-background	-highlightthickness	-repeatinterval
-borderwidth	-jump	-takefocus
-cursor	-orient	-troughcolor
-highlightbackground	-relief


See the options manual entry for details on the standard
    options.








[-activerelief activeRelief]
    Specifies the relief to use when displaying the element that is active, if
    any. Elements other than the active element are always displayed with a
    raised relief. [-command command]
    Specifies the prefix of a Tcl command to invoke to change the view in the
    widget associated with the scrollbar. When a user requests a view change by
    manipulating the scrollbar, a Tcl command is invoked. The actual command
    consists of this option followed by additional information as described
    later. This option almost always has a value such as .t xview or
    .t yview, consisting of the name of a widget and either xview
    (if the scrollbar is for horizontal scrolling) or yview (for vertical
    scrolling). All scrollable widgets have xview and yview
    commands that take exactly the additional arguments appended by the
    scrollbar as described in SCROLLING COMMANDS below.
    [-elementborderwidth
    elementBorderWidth] Specifies the width of borders drawn
    around the internal elements of the scrollbar (the two arrows and the
    slider). The value may have any of the forms acceptable to
    Tk_GetPixels. If this value is less than zero, the value of the
    borderWidth option is used in its place.
    [-width width] Specifies the desired
    narrow dimension of the scrollbar window, not including 3-D border, if any.
    For vertical scrollbars this will be the width and for horizontal scrollbars
    this will be the height. The value may have any of the forms acceptable to
    Tk_GetPixels.










The scrollbar command creates a new window (given by the
    pathName argument) and makes it into a scrollbar widget. Additional
    options, described above, may be specified on the command line or in the
    option database to configure aspects of the scrollbar such as its colors,
    orientation, and relief. The scrollbar command returns its
    pathName argument. At the time this command is invoked, there must
    not exist a window named pathName, but pathName's parent must
    exist.


A scrollbar is a widget that displays two arrows, one at each end
    of the scrollbar, and a slider in the middle portion of the
    scrollbar. It provides information about what is visible in an associated
    window that displays a document of some sort (such as a file being
    edited or a drawing). The position and size of the slider indicate which
    portion of the document is visible in the associated window. For example, if
    the slider in a vertical scrollbar covers the top third of the area between
    the two arrows, it means that the associated window displays the top third
    of its document.


Scrollbars can be used to adjust the view in the associated window
    by clicking or dragging with the mouse. See the BINDINGS section
    below for details.








A scrollbar displays five elements, which are referred to in the
    widget commands for the scrollbar:



  

  
The top or left arrow in the scrollbar.

  

  
The region between the slider and arrow1.

  

  
The rectangle that indicates what is visible in the associated
    widget.

  

  
The region between the slider and arrow2.

  

  
The bottom or right arrow in the scrollbar.










The scrollbar command creates a new Tcl command whose name
    is pathName. This command may be used to invoke various operations on
    the widget. It has the following general form:




pathName option ?arg arg ...?



Option and the args determine the exact behavior of the command.
  The following commands are possible for scrollbar widgets:


  

  
Marks the element indicated by element as active, which causes it
      to be displayed as specified by the activeBackground and
      activeRelief options. The only element values understood by this
      command are arrow1, slider, or arrow2. If any other
      value is specified then no element of the scrollbar will be active. If
      element is not specified, the command returns the name of the
      element that is currently active, or an empty string if no element is
      active.

  

  
Returns the current value of the configuration option given by
      option. Option may have any of the values accepted by the
      scrollbar command.

  

  
Query or modify the configuration options of the widget. If no
      option is specified, returns a list describing all of the available
      options for pathName (see Tk_ConfigureInfo for information
      on the format of this list). If option is specified with no
      value, then the command returns a list describing the one named
      option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the
      value returned if no option is specified). If one or more
      option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies the
      given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the
      command returns an empty string. Option may have any of the values
      accepted by the scrollbar command.

  

  
Returns a real number indicating the fractional change in the scrollbar
      setting that corresponds to a given change in slider position. For
      example, if the scrollbar is horizontal, the result indicates how much the
      scrollbar setting must change to move the slider deltaX pixels to
      the right (deltaY is ignored in this case). If the scrollbar is
      vertical, the result indicates how much the scrollbar setting must change
      to move the slider deltaY pixels down. The arguments and the result
      may be zero or negative.

  

  
Returns a real number between 0 and 1 indicating where the point given by
      x and y lies in the trough area of the scrollbar. The value
      0 corresponds to the top or left of the trough, the value 1 corresponds to
      the bottom or right, 0.5 corresponds to the middle, and so on. X
      and y must be pixel coordinates relative to the scrollbar widget.
      If x and y refer to a point outside the trough, the closest
      point in the trough is used.

  

  
Returns the scrollbar settings in the form of a list whose elements are
      the arguments to the most recent set widget command.

  

  
Returns the name of the element under the point given by x and
      y (such as arrow1), or an empty string if the point does not
      lie in any element of the scrollbar. X and y must be pixel
      coordinates relative to the scrollbar widget.

  

  
This command is invoked by the scrollbar's associated widget to tell the
      scrollbar about the current view in the widget. The command takes two
      arguments, each of which is a real fraction between 0 and 1. The fractions
      describe the range of the document that is visible in the associated
      widget. For example, if first is 0.2 and last is 0.4, it
      means that the first part of the document visible in the window is 20% of
      the way through the document, and the last visible part is 40% of the way
      through.










When the user interacts with the scrollbar, for example by
    dragging the slider, the scrollbar notifies the associated widget that it
    must change its view. The scrollbar makes the notification by evaluating a
    Tcl command generated from the scrollbar's -command option. The
    command may take any of the following forms. In each case, prefix is
    the contents of the -command option, which usually has a form like
    .t yview



  

  
Fraction is a real number between 0 and 1. The widget should adjust
      its view so that the point given by fraction appears at the
      beginning of the widget. If fraction is 0 it refers to the
      beginning of the document. 1.0 refers to the end of the document, 0.333
      refers to a point one-third of the way through the document, and so
    on.

  

  
The widget should adjust its view by number units. The units are
      defined in whatever way makes sense for the widget, such as characters or
      lines in a text widget. Number is either 1, which means one unit
      should scroll off the top or left of the window, or -1, which means that
      one unit should scroll off the bottom or right of the window.

  

  
The widget should adjust its view by number pages. It is up to the
      widget to define the meaning of a page; typically it is slightly less than
      what fits in the window, so that there is a slight overlap between the old
      and new views. Number is either 1, which means the next page should
      become visible, or -1, which means that the previous page should become
      visible.










In versions of Tk before 4.0, the set and get widget
    commands used a different form. This form is still supported for backward
    compatibility, but it is deprecated. In the old command syntax, the
    set widget command has the following form:



  

  
In this form the arguments are all integers. TotalUnits gives the
      total size of the object being displayed in the associated widget. The
      meaning of one unit depends on the associated widget; for example, in a
      text editor widget units might correspond to lines of text.
      WindowUnits indicates the total number of units that can fit in the
      associated window at one time. FirstUnit and lastUnit give
      the indices of the first and last units currently visible in the
      associated window (zero corresponds to the first unit of the object).




Under the old syntax the get widget command returns a list
    of four integers, consisting of the totalUnits, windowUnits,
    firstUnit, and lastUnit values from the last set widget
    command.


The commands generated by scrollbars also have a different form
    when the old syntax is being used:



  

  
Unit is an integer that indicates what should appear at the top or
      left of the associated widget's window. It has the same meaning as the
      firstUnit and lastUnit arguments to the set widget
      command.




The most recent set widget command determines whether or
    not to use the old syntax. If it is given two real arguments then the new
    syntax will be used in the future, and if it is given four integer arguments
    then the old syntax will be used.








Tk automatically creates class bindings for scrollbars that give
    them the following default behavior. If the behavior is different for
    vertical and horizontal scrollbars, the horizontal behavior is described in
    parentheses.



  
[1]

  
Pressing button 1 over arrow1 causes the view in the associated
      widget to shift up (left) by one unit so that the document appears to move
      down (right) one unit. If the button is held down, the action
      auto-repeats.

  
[2]

  
Pressing button 1 over trough1 causes the view in the associated
      widget to shift up (left) by one screenful so that the document appears to
      move down (right) one screenful. If the button is held down, the action
      auto-repeats.

  
[3]

  
Pressing button 1 over the slider and dragging causes the view to drag
      with the slider. If the jump option is true, then the view does not
      drag along with the slider; it changes only when the mouse button is
      released.

  
[4]

  
Pressing button 1 over trough2 causes the view in the associated
      widget to shift down (right) by one screenful so that the document appears
      to move up (left) one screenful. If the button is held down, the action
      auto-repeats.

  
[5]

  
Pressing button 1 over arrow2 causes the view in the associated
      widget to shift down (right) by one unit so that the document appears to
      move up (left) one unit. If the button is held down, the action
      auto-repeats.

  
[6]

  
If button 2 is pressed over the trough or the slider, it sets the view to
      correspond to the mouse position; dragging the mouse with button 2 down
      causes the view to drag with the mouse. If button 2 is pressed over one of
      the arrows, it causes the same behavior as pressing button 1.

  
[7]

  
If button 1 is pressed with the Control key down, then if the mouse is
      over arrow1 or trough1 the view changes to the very top
      (left) of the document; if the mouse is over arrow2 or
      trough2 the view changes to the very bottom (right) of the
      document; if the mouse is anywhere else then the button press has no
      effect.

  
[8]

  
In vertical scrollbars the Up and Down keys have the same behavior as
      mouse clicks over arrow1 and arrow2, respectively. In
      horizontal scrollbars these keys have no effect.

  
[9]

  
In vertical scrollbars Control-Up and Control-Down have the same behavior
      as mouse clicks over trough1 and trough2, respectively. In
      horizontal scrollbars these keys have no effect.

  
[10]

  
In horizontal scrollbars the Up and Down keys have the same behavior as
      mouse clicks over arrow1 and arrow2, respectively. In
      vertical scrollbars these keys have no effect.

  
[11]

  
In horizontal scrollbars Control-Up and Control-Down have the same
      behavior as mouse clicks over trough1 and trough2,
      respectively. In vertical scrollbars these keys have no effect.

  
[12]

  
The Prior and Next keys have the same behavior as mouse clicks over
      trough1 and trough2, respectively.

  
[13]

  
The Home key adjusts the view to the top (left edge) of the document.

  
[14]

  
The End key adjusts the view to the bottom (right edge) of the
    document.










Create a window with a scrollable text widget:




toplevel .tl
text .tl.t -yscrollcommand {.tl.s set}
scrollbar .tl.s -command {.tl.t yview}
grid .tl.t .tl.s -sticky nsew
grid columnconfigure .tl 0 -weight 1
grid rowconfigure .tl 0 -weight 1










ttk:scrollbar(n)








scrollbar, widget







  

    4.1
    Tk